Artisanal mining is a major economic activity in Mali, but it exposes workers to numerous hazards that can adversely affect their occupational health, safety, and job performance. This study aims to analyze the occupational safety, health, and psychosocial risk factors influencing workers' performance in artisanal mining operations, using the Touréla mining site as a case study. A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 workers using structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and direct field observations. Data were collected on socio-professional characteristics, occupational safety conditions, workers' health status, psychosocial risks, and performance indicators. Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics. The findings reveal that workers are highly exposed to occupational accidents, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory diseases, dust, excessive noise, and psychosocial constraints related to excessive workload, stress, and income insecurity. The lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), limited access to occupational health and safety training, and poor working conditions significantly contribute to reduced worker performance. Conversely, strengthening preventive measures, improving working conditions, promoting occupational health, and addressing psychosocial risks are associated with increased productivity and a lower incidence of occupational accidents. This study provides valuable scientific evidence to support the development of prevention policies and promote safer, more productive, and sustainable artisanal mining practices in Mali.